The researcher wishes to compare the frequency of cannabis consumption depending on the sex and gender of the students. Is such an analysis ethically acceptable?

• A. Yes
• B. No
• C. Not appropriate
• D. Only with consent

Answer: (A)

The central idea is that exploring how often cannabis is used across sex and gender can be ethically acceptable if the study is designed with solid protections for participants. Analyzing these differences can generate important information for health education, prevention, and services, provided you put safeguards in place.

Key safeguards include obtaining informed consent and ensuring participation is voluntary, especially important in a student population where there could be perceived pressure. Protect privacy and confidentiality by collecting only necessary information, using de-identified or aggregated data, and storing data securely. Minimize potential harm by using respectful survey methods and providing resources if sensitive topics raise concerns. Clearly justify the inclusion of questions about sex, gender, and cannabis use, outlining how the information will be used, and plan for responsible reporting to avoid stigma or discrimination. Ethics review should be obtained to ensure these protections are in place.

Because these protections can be met, the analysis is ethically acceptable, which is why the best answer is that it can be done. The other options imply it’s inherently inappropriate or require consent in a way that isn’t necessary in all valid designs, whereas the core point is that ethical feasibility exists when safeguards are followed.