Under the Justice principle in TCPS 2, which outcome best reflects its aim?

• A. Maintains public trust in research.
• B. Increases likelihood of publishing significant results.
• C. Ensures no risk to participants.
• D. Reduces research costs.

Answer: (A)

Justice is about fairness in how research burdens and benefits are distributed and in how participants and communities are treated. When studies are designed and conducted with fair recruitment, equitable access to benefits, and protection against exploitation, the public sees that research respects people and communities. That visible fairness builds and maintains trust in the research enterprise. The other options focus on outcomes like publishing results, eliminating risk entirely, or cutting costs, which do not capture the fairness and accountability central to Justice.